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+
+Network Working Group I. Goncalves
+Request for Comments: 5334 S. Pfeiffer
+Obsoletes: 3534 C. Montgomery
+Category: Standards Track Xiph
+ September 2008
+
+
+ Ogg Media Types
+
+Status of This Memo
+
+ This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
+ Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
+ improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
+ Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
+ and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
+
+Abstract
+
+ This document describes the registration of media types for the Ogg
+ container format and conformance requirements for implementations of
+ these types. This document obsoletes RFC 3534.
+
+Table of Contents
+
+ 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
+ 2. Changes Since RFC 3534 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
+ 3. Conformance and Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . 3
+ 4. Deployed Media Types and Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . 3
+ 5. Relation between the Media Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+ 6. Encoding Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
+ 7. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
+ 8. Interoperability Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
+ 9. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
+ 10. Ogg Media Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
+ 10.1. application/ogg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
+ 10.2. video/ogg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
+ 10.3. audio/ogg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
+ 11. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
+ 12. Copying Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
+ 13. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
+ 13.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
+ 13.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 1]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+1. Introduction
+
+ This document describes media types for Ogg, a data encapsulation
+ format defined by the Xiph.Org Foundation for public use. Refer to
+ "Introduction" in [RFC3533] and "Overview" in [Ogg] for background
+ information on this container format.
+
+ Binary data contained in Ogg, such as Vorbis and Theora, has
+ historically been interchanged using the application/ogg media type
+ as defined by [RFC3534]. This document obsoletes [RFC3534] and
+ defines three media types for different types of content in Ogg to
+ reflect this usage in the IANA media type registry, to foster
+ interoperability by defining underspecified aspects, and to provide
+ general security considerations.
+
+ The Ogg container format is known to contain [Theora] or [Dirac]
+ video, [Speex] (narrow-band and wide-band) speech, [Vorbis] or [FLAC]
+ audio, and [CMML] timed text/metadata. As Ogg encapsulates binary
+ data, it is possible to include any other type of video, audio,
+ image, text, or, generally speaking, any time-continuously sampled
+ data.
+
+ While raw packets from these data sources may be used directly by
+ transport mechanisms that provide their own framing and packet-
+ separation mechanisms (such as UDP datagrams or RTP), Ogg is a
+ solution for stream based storage (such as files) and transport (such
+ as TCP streams or pipes). The media types defined in this document
+ are needed to correctly identify such content when it is served over
+ HTTP, included in multi-part documents, or used in other places where
+ media types [RFC2045] are used.
+
+2. Changes Since RFC 3534
+
+ o The type "application/ogg" is redefined.
+
+ o The types "video/ogg" and "audio/ogg" are defined.
+
+ o New file extensions are defined.
+
+ o New Macintosh file type codes are defined.
+
+ o The codecs parameter is defined for optional use.
+
+ o The Ogg Skeleton extension becomes a recommended addition for
+ content served under the new types.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 2]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+3. Conformance and Document Conventions
+
+ The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
+ "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
+ document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14, [RFC2119] and
+ indicate requirement levels for compliant implementations.
+ Requirements apply to all implementations unless otherwise stated.
+
+ An implementation is a software module that supports one of the media
+ types defined in this document. Software modules may support
+ multiple media types, but conformance is considered individually for
+ each type.
+
+ Implementations that fail to satisfy one or more "MUST" requirements
+ are considered non-compliant. Implementations that satisfy all
+ "MUST" requirements, but fail to satisfy one or more "SHOULD"
+ requirements, are said to be "conditionally compliant". All other
+ implementations are "unconditionally compliant".
+
+4. Deployed Media Types and Compatibility
+
+ The application/ogg media type has been used in an ad hoc fashion to
+ label and exchange multimedia content in Ogg containers.
+
+ Use of the "application" top-level type for this kind of content is
+ known to be problematic, in particular since it obfuscates video and
+ audio content. This document thus defines the media types,
+
+ o video/ogg
+
+ o audio/ogg
+
+ which are intended for common use and SHOULD be used when dealing
+ with video or audio content, respectively. This document also
+ obsoletes the [RFC3534] definition of application/ogg and marks it
+ for complex data (e.g., multitrack visual, audio, textual, and other
+ time-continuously sampled data), which is not clearly video or audio
+ data and thus not suited for either the video/ogg or audio/ogg types.
+ Refer to the following section for more details.
+
+ An Ogg bitstream generally consists of one or more logical bitstreams
+ that each consist of a series of header and data pages packetising
+ time-continuous binary data [RFC3533]. The content types of the
+ logical bitstreams may be identified without decoding the header
+ pages of the logical bitstreams through use of a [Skeleton]
+ bitstream. Using Ogg Skeleton is REQUIRED for content served under
+
+
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 3]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+ the application/ogg type and RECOMMENDED for video/ogg and audio/ogg,
+ as Skeleton contains identifiers to describe the different
+ encapsulated data.
+
+ Furthermore, it is RECOMMENDED that implementations that identify a
+ logical bitstream that they cannot decode SHOULD ignore it, while
+ continuing to decode the ones they can. Such precaution ensures
+ backward and forward compatibility with existing and future data.
+
+ These media types can optionally use the "codecs" parameter described
+ in [RFC4281]. Codecs encapsulated in Ogg require a text identifier
+ at the beginning of the first header page, hence a machine-readable
+ method to identify the encapsulated codecs would be through this
+ header. The following table illustrates how those header values map
+ into strings that are used in the "codecs" parameter when dealing
+ with Ogg media types.
+
+ Codec Identifier | Codecs Parameter
+ -----------------------------------------------------------
+ char[5]: 'BBCD\0' | dirac
+ char[5]: '\177FLAC' | flac
+ char[7]: '\x80theora' | theora
+ char[7]: '\x01vorbis' | vorbis
+ char[8]: 'CELT ' | celt
+ char[8]: 'CMML\0\0\0\0' | cmml
+ char[8]: '\213JNG\r\n\032\n' | jng
+ char[8]: '\x80kate\0\0\0' | kate
+ char[8]: 'OggMIDI\0' | midi
+ char[8]: '\212MNG\r\n\032\n' | mng
+ char[8]: 'PCM ' | pcm
+ char[8]: '\211PNG\r\n\032\n' | png
+ char[8]: 'Speex ' | speex
+ char[8]: 'YUV4MPEG' | yuv4mpeg
+
+ An up-to-date version of this table is kept at Xiph.org (see
+ [Codecs]).
+
+ Possible examples include:
+
+ o application/ogg; codecs="theora, cmml, ecmascript"
+
+ o video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"
+
+ o audio/ogg; codecs=speex
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 4]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+5. Relation between the Media Types
+
+ As stated in the previous section, this document describes three
+ media types that are targeted at different data encapsulated in Ogg.
+ Since Ogg is capable of encapsulating any kind of data, the multiple
+ usage scenarios have revealed interoperability issues between
+ implementations when dealing with content served solely under the
+ application/ogg type.
+
+ While this document does redefine the earlier definition of
+ application/ogg, this media type will continue to embrace the widest
+ net possible of content with the video/ogg and audio/ogg types being
+ smaller subsets of it. However, the video/ogg and audio/ogg types
+ take precedence in a subset of the usages, specifically when serving
+ multimedia content that is not complex enough to warrant the use of
+ application/ogg. Following this line of thought, the audio/ogg type
+ is an even smaller subset within video/ogg, as it is not intended to
+ refer to visual content.
+
+ As such, the application/ogg type is the recommended choice to serve
+ content aimed at scientific and other applications that require
+ various multiplexed signals or streams of continuous data, with or
+ without scriptable control of content. For bitstreams containing
+ visual, timed text, and any other type of material that requires a
+ visual interface, but that is not complex enough to warrant serving
+ under application/ogg, the video/ogg type is recommended. In
+ situations where the Ogg bitstream predominantly contains audio data
+ (lyrics, metadata, or cover art notwithstanding), it is recommended
+ to use the audio/ogg type.
+
+6. Encoding Considerations
+
+ Binary: The content consists of an unrestricted sequence of octets.
+
+ Note:
+
+ o Ogg encapsulated content is binary data and should be transmitted
+ in a suitable encoding without CR/LF conversion, 7-bit stripping,
+ etc.; base64 [RFC4648] is generally preferred for binary-to-text
+ encoding.
+
+ o Media types described in this document are used for stream based
+ storage (such as files) and transport (such as TCP streams or
+ pipes); separate types are used to identify codecs such as in
+ real-time applications for the RTP payload formats of Theora
+ [ThRTP] video, Vorbis [RFC5215], or Speex [SpRTP] audio, as well
+ as for identification of encapsulated data within Ogg through
+ Skeleton.
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 5]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+7. Security Considerations
+
+ Refer to [RFC3552] for a discussion of terminology used in this
+ section.
+
+ The Ogg encapsulation format is a container and only a carrier of
+ content (such as audio, video, and displayable text data) with a very
+ rigid definition. This format in itself is not more vulnerable than
+ any other content framing mechanism.
+
+ Ogg does not provide for any generic encryption or signing of itself
+ or its contained bitstreams. However, it encapsulates any kind of
+ binary content and is thus able to contain encrypted and signed
+ content data. It is also possible to add an external security
+ mechanism that encrypts or signs an Ogg bitstream and thus provides
+ content confidentiality and authenticity.
+
+ As Ogg encapsulates binary data, it is possible to include executable
+ content in an Ogg bitstream. Implementations SHOULD NOT execute such
+ content without prior validation of its origin by the end-user.
+
+ Issues may arise on applications that use Ogg for streaming or file
+ transfer in a networking scenario. In such cases, implementations
+ decoding Ogg and its encapsulated bitstreams have to ensure correct
+ handling of manipulated bitstreams, of buffer overflows, and similar
+ issues.
+
+ It is also possible to author malicious Ogg bitstreams, which attempt
+ to call for an excessively large picture size, high sampling-rate
+ audio, etc. Implementations SHOULD protect themselves against this
+ kind of attack.
+
+ Ogg has an extensible structure, so that it is theoretically possible
+ that metadata fields or media formats might be defined in the future
+ which might be used to induce particular actions on the part of the
+ recipient, thus presenting additional security risks. However, this
+ type of capability is currently not supported in the referenced
+ specification.
+
+ Implementations may fail to implement a specific security model or
+ other means to prevent possibly dangerous operations. Such failure
+ might possibly be exploited to gain unauthorized access to a system
+ or sensitive information; such failure constitutes an unknown factor
+ and is thus considered out of the scope of this document.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 6]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+8. Interoperability Considerations
+
+ The Ogg container format is device-, platform-, and vendor-neutral
+ and has proved to be widely implementable across different computing
+ platforms through a wide range of encoders and decoders. A broadly
+ portable reference implementation [libogg] is available under the
+ revised (3-clause) BSD license, which is a Free Software license.
+
+ The Xiph.Org Foundation has defined the specification,
+ interoperability, and conformance and conducts regular
+ interoperability testing.
+
+ The use of the Ogg Skeleton extension has been confirmed to not cause
+ interoperability issues with existing implementations. Third parties
+ are, however, welcome to conduct their own testing.
+
+9. IANA Considerations
+
+ In accordance with the procedures set forth in [RFC4288], this
+ document registers two new media types and redefines the existing
+ application/ogg as defined in the following section.
+
+10. Ogg Media Types
+
+10.1. application/ogg
+
+ Type name: application
+
+ Subtype name: ogg
+
+ Required parameters: none
+
+ Optional parameters: codecs, whose syntax is defined in RFC 4281.
+ See section 4 of RFC 5334 for a list of allowed values.
+
+ Encoding considerations: See section 6 of RFC 5334.
+
+ Security considerations: See section 7 of RFC 5334.
+
+ Interoperability considerations: None, as noted in section 8 of RFC
+ 5334.
+
+ Published specification: RFC 3533
+
+ Applications which use this media type: Scientific and otherwise that
+ require various multiplexed signals or streams of data, with or
+ without scriptable control of content.
+
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 7]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+ Additional information:
+
+ Magic number(s): The first four bytes, 0x4f 0x67 0x67 0x53,
+ correspond to the string "OggS".
+
+ File extension(s): .ogx
+
+ RFC 3534 defined the file extension .ogg for application/ogg,
+ which RFC 5334 obsoletes in favor of .ogx due to concerns where,
+ historically, some implementations expect .ogg files to be solely
+ Vorbis-encoded audio.
+
+ Macintosh File Type Code(s): OggX
+
+ Person & Email address to contact for further information: See
+ "Authors' Addresses" section.
+
+ Intended usage: COMMON
+
+ Restrictions on usage: The type application/ogg SHOULD only be used
+ in situations where it is not appropriate to serve data under the
+ video/ogg or audio/ogg types. Data served under the application/ogg
+ type SHOULD use the .ogx file extension and MUST contain an Ogg
+ Skeleton logical bitstream to identify all other contained logical
+ bitstreams.
+
+ Author: See "Authors' Addresses" section.
+
+ Change controller: The Xiph.Org Foundation.
+
+10.2. video/ogg
+
+ Type name: video
+
+ Subtype name: ogg
+
+ Required parameters: none
+
+ Optional parameters: codecs, whose syntax is defined in RFC 4281.
+ See section 4 of RFC 5334 for a list of allowed values.
+
+ Encoding considerations: See section 6 of RFC 5334.
+
+ Security considerations: See section 7 of RFC 5334.
+
+ Interoperability considerations: None, as noted in section 8 of RFC
+ 5334.
+
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 8]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+ Published specification: RFC 3533
+
+ Applications which use this media type: Multimedia applications,
+ including embedded, streaming, and conferencing tools.
+
+ Additional information:
+
+ Magic number(s): The first four bytes, 0x4f 0x67 0x67 0x53,
+ correspond to the string "OggS".
+
+ File extension(s): .ogv
+
+ Macintosh File Type Code(s): OggV
+
+ Person & Email address to contact for further information: See
+ "Authors' Addresses" section.
+
+ Intended usage: COMMON
+
+ Restrictions on usage: The type "video/ogg" SHOULD be used for Ogg
+ bitstreams containing visual, audio, timed text, or any other type of
+ material that requires a visual interface. It is intended for
+ content not complex enough to warrant serving under "application/
+ ogg"; for example, a combination of Theora video, Vorbis audio,
+ Skeleton metadata, and CMML captioning. Data served under the type
+ "video/ogg" SHOULD contain an Ogg Skeleton logical bitstream.
+ Implementations interacting with the type "video/ogg" SHOULD support
+ multiplexed bitstreams.
+
+ Author: See "Authors' Addresses" section.
+
+ Change controller: The Xiph.Org Foundation.
+
+10.3. audio/ogg
+
+ Type name: audio
+
+ Subtype name: ogg
+
+ Required parameters: none
+
+ Optional parameters: codecs, whose syntax is defined in RFC 4281.
+ See section 4 of RFC 5334 for a list of allowed values.
+
+ Encoding considerations: See section 6 of RFC 5334.
+
+ Security considerations: See section 7 of RFC 5334.
+
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 9]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+ Interoperability considerations: None, as noted in section 8 of RFC
+ 5334.
+
+ Published specification: RFC 3533
+
+ Applications which use this media type: Multimedia applications,
+ including embedded, streaming, and conferencing tools.
+
+ Additional information:
+
+ Magic number(s): The first four bytes, 0x4f 0x67 0x67 0x53,
+ correspond to the string "OggS".
+
+ File extension(s): .oga, .ogg, .spx
+
+ Macintosh File Type Code(s): OggA
+
+ Person & Email address to contact for further information: See
+ "Authors' Addresses" section.
+
+ Intended usage: COMMON
+
+ Restrictions on usage: The type "audio/ogg" SHOULD be used when the
+ Ogg bitstream predominantly contains audio data. Content served
+ under the "audio/ogg" type SHOULD have an Ogg Skeleton logical
+ bitstream when using the default .oga file extension. The .ogg and
+ .spx file extensions indicate a specialization that requires no
+ Skeleton due to backward compatibility concerns with existing
+ implementations. In particular, .ogg is used for Ogg files that
+ contain only a Vorbis bitstream, while .spx is used for Ogg files
+ that contain only a Speex bitstream.
+
+ Author: See "Authors' Addresses" section.
+
+ Change controller: The Xiph.Org Foundation.
+
+11. Acknowledgements
+
+ The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions of Magnus
+ Westerlund, Alfred Hoenes, and Peter Saint-Andre.
+
+12. Copying Conditions
+
+ The authors agree to grant third parties the irrevocable right to
+ copy, use and distribute the work, with or without modification, in
+ any medium, without royalty, provided that, unless separate
+ permission is granted, redistributed modified works do not contain
+ misleading author, version, name of work, or endorsement information.
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 10]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+13. References
+
+13.1. Normative References
+
+ [RFC2045] Freed, N. and N. Borenstein, "Multipurpose Internet Mail
+ Extensions (MIME) Part One: Format of Internet Message
+ Bodies", RFC 2045, November 1996.
+
+ [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
+ Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, March 1997.
+
+ [RFC3533] Pfeiffer, S., "The Ogg Encapsulation Format Version 0",
+ RFC 3533, May 2003.
+
+ [RFC4281] Gellens, R., Singer, D., and P. Frojdh, "The Codecs
+ Parameter for "Bucket" Media Types", RFC 4281,
+ November 2005.
+
+ [RFC4288] Freed, N. and J. Klensin, "Media Type Specifications and
+ Registration Procedures", BCP 13, RFC 4288,
+ December 2005.
+
+13.2. Informative References
+
+ [CMML] Pfeiffer, S., Parker, C., and A. Pang, "The Continuous
+ Media Markup Language (CMML)", Work in Progress,
+ March 2006.
+
+ [Codecs] Pfeiffer, S. and I. Goncalves, "Specification of MIME
+ types and respective codecs parameter", July 2008,
+ <http://wiki.xiph.org/index.php/MIMETypesCodecs>.
+
+ [Dirac] Dirac Group, "Dirac Specification",
+ <http://diracvideo.org/specifications/>.
+
+ [FLAC] Coalson, J., "The FLAC Format",
+ <http://flac.sourceforge.net/format.html>.
+
+ [libogg] Xiph.Org Foundation, "The libogg API", June 2000,
+ <http://xiph.org/ogg/doc/libogg>.
+
+ [Ogg] Xiph.Org Foundation, "Ogg bitstream documentation: Ogg
+ logical and physical bitstream overview, Ogg logical
+ bitstream framing, Ogg multi-stream multiplexing",
+ <http://xiph.org/ogg/doc>.
+
+ [RFC3534] Walleij, L., "The application/ogg Media Type", RFC 3534,
+ May 2003.
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 11]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+ [RFC3552] Rescorla, E. and B. Korver, "Guidelines for Writing RFC
+ Text on Security Considerations", BCP 72, RFC 3552,
+ July 2003.
+
+ [RFC4648] Josefsson, S., "The Base16, Base32, and Base64 Data
+ Encodings", RFC 4648, October 2006.
+
+ [RFC5215] Barbato, L., "RTP Payload Format for Vorbis Encoded
+ Audio", RFC 5215, August 2008.
+
+ [Skeleton] Pfeiffer, S. and C. Parker, "The Ogg Skeleton Metadata
+ Bitstream", November 2007,
+ <http://xiph.org/ogg/doc/skeleton.html>.
+
+ [Speex] Valin, J., "The Speex Codec Manual", February 2002,
+ <http://speex.org/docs/manual/speex-manual>.
+
+ [SpRTP] Herlein, G., Valin, J., Heggestad, A., and A. Moizard,
+ "RTP Payload Format for the Speex Codec", Work
+ in Progress, February 2008.
+
+ [Theora] Xiph.Org Foundation, "Theora Specification",
+ October 2007, <http://theora.org/doc/Theora.pdf>.
+
+ [ThRTP] Barbato, L., "RTP Payload Format for Theora Encoded
+ Video", Work in Progress, June 2006.
+
+ [Vorbis] Xiph.Org Foundation, "Vorbis I Specification", July 2004,
+ <http://xiph.org/vorbis/doc/Vorbis_I_spec.html>.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 12]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+Authors' Addresses
+
+ Ivo Emanuel Goncalves
+ Xiph.Org Foundation
+ 21 College Hill Road
+ Somerville, MA 02144
+ US
+
+ EMail: justivo@gmail.com
+ URI: xmpp:justivo@gmail.com
+
+
+ Silvia Pfeiffer
+ Xiph.Org Foundation
+
+ EMail: silvia@annodex.net
+ URI: http://annodex.net/
+
+
+ Christopher Montgomery
+ Xiph.Org Foundation
+
+ EMail: monty@xiph.org
+ URI: http://xiph.org
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 13]
+
+RFC 5334 Ogg Media Types September 2008
+
+
+Full Copyright Statement
+
+ Copyright (C) The IETF Trust (2008).
+
+ This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
+ contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
+ retain all their rights.
+
+ This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
+ "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS
+ OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY, THE IETF TRUST AND
+ THE INTERNET ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS
+ OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF
+ THE INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
+ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+
+Intellectual Property
+
+ The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
+ Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
+ pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
+ this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
+ might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has
+ made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information
+ on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be
+ found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.
+
+ Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
+ assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
+ attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
+ such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this
+ specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at
+ http://www.ietf.org/ipr.
+
+ The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
+ copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
+ rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
+ this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at
+ ietf-ipr@ietf.org.
+
+
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+Goncalves, et al. Standards Track [Page 14]
+