/*  Starshatter OpenSource Distribution
    Copyright (c) 1997-2004, Destroyer Studios LLC.
    All Rights Reserved.

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
      this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
      and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
    * Neither the name "Destroyer Studios" nor the names of its contributors
      may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
      without specific prior written permission.

    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
    AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
    IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
    ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
    LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
    CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
    SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
    INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
    CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
    ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
    POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

    SUBSYSTEM:    nGen.lib
    FILE:         Water.cpp
    AUTHOR:       John DiCamillo


    OVERVIEW
    ========
    Water surface effect w/ reflection and caustics
*/

#include "MemDebug.h"
#include "Water.h"
#include "Random.h"

// +--------------------------------------------------------------------+

struct WATER_REFRACT
{
    // Vrefract = (V + refract * N) * norm
    float refract;
    float refractNorm;
    DWORD diffuse;
};

struct WATER_SURFACE
{
    float height;
    Vec3  normal;
};

// +--------------------------------------------------------------------+

#if defined(_X86) && !defined(_WIN64)
inline int f2i(float flt)
{
    volatile int n;

    __asm
    {
        fld flt
        fistp n
    }

    return n;
}
#else
inline int f2i(float flt)
{
    return (int) flt;
}
#endif


// +--------------------------------------------------------------------+

static WATER_REFRACT RefractionTable[512];
static bool refractInit = false;

static const int     WAVE_SIZE = 256;
static const DWORD   WAVE_MASK = 0xff;

// +--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Water::Water()
:  size(0), depth(0), scaleTex(1), avgHeight(0),
nVertices(0), surface(0), waves(0)
{
}

Water::~Water()
{
    delete [] surface;
    delete [] waves;
}

// +--------------------------------------------------------------------+

void
Water::Init(int n, float s, float d)
{
    size     = s;
    depth    = d;
    scaleTex = 1/size;

    // Calculate number of vertices
    nVertices = n;

    // Create refraction table
    if (!refractInit) {
        WATER_REFRACT* refract = &RefractionTable[256];

        for (UINT u = 0; u < 256; u++) {
            float fCos0 = (float) u / (float) 256.0f;
            float f0    = acosf(fCos0);
            float fSin0 = sinf(f0);

            float fSin1 = fSin0 / 1.333f; // water
            float f1    = asinf(fSin1);
            float fCos1 = cosf(f1);

            refract[u].refract = fSin0 / fSin1 * fCos1 - fCos0;
            refract[u].refractNorm = - fSin1 / fSin0;
            refract[u].diffuse = ((((0xff - u)*(0xff - u)*(0xff - u)) << 8) & 0xff000000);

            RefractionTable[u] = RefractionTable[256];
        }

        refractInit = true;
    }

    // Create maps
    if (surface)
    delete [] surface;

    surface = new(__FILE__,__LINE__) WATER_SURFACE[n*n];
    ZeroMemory(surface, n*n * sizeof(WATER_SURFACE));

    if (waves)
    delete [] waves;

    waves = new(__FILE__,__LINE__) float[WAVE_SIZE*4];

    double f = 1.0 / (double) WAVE_SIZE;
    for (int i = 0; i < WAVE_SIZE; i++) {
        double s0 = sin(2*PI*i*f);
        double s1 = sin(4*PI*i*f);
        double s2 = sin(6*PI*i*f);
        double s3 = sin(8*PI*i*f);

        waves[0*WAVE_SIZE + i] = (float) (1.8 * s0*s0 - 0.9);
        waves[1*WAVE_SIZE + i] = (float) (1.6 * s1*s1 - 0.8);
        waves[2*WAVE_SIZE + i] = (float) (0.4 * s2);
        waves[3*WAVE_SIZE + i] = (float) (0.8 * s3*s3 - 0.4);
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        offsets[i]   = (float) Random(0, WAVE_SIZE);
    }

    offsets[4] = 12.45f;
    offsets[5] = 14.23f;
    offsets[6] = 16.72f;
    offsets[7] = 20.31f;
}

// +--------------------------------------------------------------------+

void
Water::CalcWaves(double seconds)
{
    int  i, n[4];
    UINT SIZE = nVertices;
    UINT STEP = WAVE_SIZE / (SIZE-1);
    UINT STEP2 = STEP/2;
    UINT AREA = SIZE * SIZE;
    UINT x, y;

    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        n[i] = (int) offsets[i];
    }

    WATER_SURFACE* pSurf = surface;

    // compute heights
    for (y = 0; y < SIZE; y++) {
        for (x = 0; x < SIZE; x++) {
            float h = 0;
            h += waves[ ((n[0] + x*STEP
            - y*STEP2) & WAVE_MASK) + 0*WAVE_SIZE ];
            h += waves[ ((n[1] + x*STEP2
            + y*STEP)  & WAVE_MASK) + 1*WAVE_SIZE ];
            h += waves[ ((n[2] + x*STEP)  & WAVE_MASK) + 2*WAVE_SIZE ];
            h += waves[ ((n[3] + y*STEP)  & WAVE_MASK) + 3*WAVE_SIZE ];

            pSurf->height = h * depth;
            pSurf++;
        }
    }

    // compute normals
    UINT uXN, uX0, uXP;
    UINT uYN, uY0, uYP;

    uYP = AREA - SIZE;
    uY0 = 0;
    uYN = SIZE;

    for (y = 0; y < SIZE; y++) {
        uXP = SIZE - 1;
        uX0 = 0;
        uXN = 1;

        for (x = 0; x < SIZE; x++) {
            Vec3  vecN;
            float f;

            f = surface[uXN + uYN].height - surface[uXP + uYP].height; vecN.x = vecN.z = f;
            f = surface[uX0 + uYN].height - surface[uX0 + uYP].height; vecN.z += f;
            f = surface[uXP + uYN].height - surface[uXN + uYP].height; vecN.x -= f; vecN.z += f;
            f = surface[uXN + uY0].height - surface[uXP + uY0].height; vecN.x += f;

            vecN.y = -15.0f * depth;
            vecN.Normalize();

            surface[uX0 + uY0].normal = vecN * -1.0f;

            uXP = uX0;
            uX0 = uXN;
            uXN = (uXN + 1) % SIZE;
        }

        uYP = uY0;
        uY0 = uYN;
        uYN = (uYN + SIZE) % AREA;
    }

    // update offsets
    for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
        offsets[i] += (float) (offsets[i+4] * seconds);

        if (offsets[i] > WAVE_SIZE)
        offsets[i] -= WAVE_SIZE;
    }

}

// +--------------------------------------------------------------------+

void
Water::UpdateSurface(Vec3& eyePos, VertexSet* vset)
{
    UINT SIZE = nVertices;
    UINT AREA = SIZE * SIZE;
    UINT x, y;

    WATER_SURFACE* pSurf = surface;
    Vec3*          pLoc  = vset->loc;
    Vec3*          pNorm = vset->nrm;
    DWORD*         pDiff = vset->diffuse;
    float*         pTu   = vset->tu;
    float*         pTv   = vset->tv;

    float          fInc  = 1.0f / (float) (SIZE-1);
    float          fx    = 0.0f;
    float          fz    = 0.0f;

    for (y = 0; y < SIZE; y++) {
        for (x = 0; x < SIZE; x++) {
            // update vertex height and normal
            pLoc->y += pSurf->height;
            *pNorm  =  pSurf->normal;

            /*
        // Update texture coords and diffuse based upon refraction
        Vec3 vec = eyePos - *pLoc;
        vec.Normalize();

        WATER_REFRACT *pRefract;
        pRefract = RefractionTable + 256 + f2i(vec.dot(*pNorm) * 255.0f);

        *pDiff = pRefract->diffuse;

        // compute apparent displacement
        Vec3 vecD = (pSurf->normal * pRefract->refract + vec) * pRefract->refractNorm;
        Vec3 vecP = *pLoc;
        vecP.y -= depth;

        // perturb texture coords
        float fB = vecD * vecP * 2.0f;
        float fD = fB * fB - depth;
        float fScale = (-fB + sqrtf(fD)) * 0.5f;

        *pTu = vecD.x * fScale + fx;
        *pTv = vecD.z * fScale + fz;
        */

            fx += fInc;
            pSurf++;
            pLoc++;
            pNorm++;
            pDiff++;
            pTu++;
            pTv++;
        }

        fx =  0.0f;
        fz += fInc;
    }
}